%PDF-1.4 % 1 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 1 /Kids [ 2 0 R ] >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 1 0 R /Resources << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /Font << /QuickPDFF20effc7f 67 0 R /QuickPDFF06564b68 113 0 R >> >> /Contents [ 5 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 595.2756 841.8898 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595.2756 841.8898 ] >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R /Metadata 114 0 R >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Producer (Debenu Quick PDF Library 11.15 \(www.debenu.com\)) /Creator (Debenu Quick PDF Library 11.15 \(www.debenu.com\)) /CreationDate (D:20200415102735+02'00') /ModDate (D:20200415102735+02'00') >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Length 2654 /LC /iSQP >> stream 0 Tr /QuickPDFF06564b68 14 Tf 0 0 0 rg 100 Tz 0 Tw 0 Tc 0 Ts BT 1 0 0 1 56.9078 770.8329 Tm (Establishing a Three-Dimensional Model and Digital Documentation of Beaufort)Tj 1 0 0 1 87.2458 752.1709 Tm (Castle by Using GPS, 3D Laser Scanning and Digital Photogrammetry)Tj ET /QuickPDFF06564b68 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 41.0903 717.2179 Tm (Mohammad Abboud, Mohammad Nasrallah, Mohammad Issa, Hiba Moussa and Hanan Abou Ali \(Lebanon\))Tj ET /QuickPDFF06564b68 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 675.188 Tm 14.663 TL (Key words: )' ET /QuickPDFF20effc7f 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 141.7323 675.188 Tm 14.454 TL (Laser scanning; Photogrammetry)' ET /QuickPDFF06564b68 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 646.8416 Tm 14.663 TL (SUMMARY)' ET /QuickPDFF20effc7f 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 618.4951 Tm 14.454 TL (Archaeology aims to document and explain the origins and development of human culture, its history,)' (cultural evolution, behavior, and ecology. The increase in threats facing archaeological sites such as terrorist)' (attacks, archaeological thefts and natural disasters requires increasing the efforts to preserve archaeology)' (worldwide. Advances in the three-dimensional \(3D\) laser scanners and modeling techniques provide a)' (reliable accurate tool for preserving archaeological sites. Terrestrial laser scanners and unmanned aircraft)' (vehicles \(UAV\) are two major approaches used in 3d modelling particularly for archaeological purposes. To)' (test the performance of each of those methods, a 3D model was generated for Beaufort castle in Arnoun,)' (South Lebanon using both procedures. The terrestrial laser provided higher positional accuracy compared to)' (photogrammetry. Data collected by both the terrestrial laser scanner and UAV photogrammetry was aligned)' (and merged resulting in 3D model, with planar and perpendicular geometries. This study demonstrates the)' (potential of using the integration of terrestrial laser scanning and photogrammetry in 3D digital)' (documentation and spatial analysis for Lebanese archeological sites alongside GPS technology.)' ET /QuickPDFF20effc7f 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 163.8497 Tm 13.14 TL (__________________________________________________________________________________________)' ()' (Establishing a Three-Dimensional Model and Digital Documentation of Beaufort Castle by Using GPS, 3D Laser)' (Scanning and Digital Photogrammetry \(10742\))' (Mohammad Abboud, Mohammad Nasrallah, Mohammad Issa, Hiba Moussa and Hanan Abou Ali \(Lebanon\))' ()' (FIG Working Week 2020)' (Smart surveyors for land and water management)' (Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1014 May 2020)' ET endstream endobj 6 0 obj << /Length 316 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream xMRKnCAۿSpk`y^Uu[jIɒT%C/:b}Rx\%=
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